What is the primary purpose of the accumulator in a refrigeration circuit?

The primary purpose of the accumulator in a refrigeration circuit is to collect excess liquid refrigerant. The accumulator is typically placed in the low-pressure side of the system, specifically after the evaporator. Its main function is to receive and store liquid refrigerant that has not evaporated, ensuring that only vapor enters the compressor. This prevents liquid refrigerant from damaging the compressor, which is crucial for the system's efficiency and longevity. By managing the liquid refrigerant, the accumulator helps maintain a consistent flow of vapor to the compressor, promoting proper functionality of the refrigeration cycle.

Other options pertain to different components or functions within the refrigeration system. For instance, increasing refrigerant pressure, expanding refrigerant, or regulating airflow involves other specialized devices like compressors, expansion valves, or fans, respectively. Understanding these distinct roles within the refrigeration cycle is essential for effective troubleshooting and system design.